( The Verkhovna Rada News )

(VRN) 1991, # 25 p. 283)

( Enters into force by the Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada #988-12 from April 23, 1991 (VRN 1991#25 p. 284)

(Contains amendments introduced in compliance with the laws

#2140 from February 19, 1992, VRN 1992, #20, p 277

#2295-12 from April 23, 1992, VRN 1992, #30, p 418

#3180-12 from May 5,1993, VRN 1992, #26, p 277

#3795-12 from December 23,1993, VRN 1994 #13, p66

#498/95 Verkhovna Rada from December 22,1995, VRN 1996

#13, p 11

#608/96 Verkhovna Rada from December 17, 1996, VRN 1997,

#8, p.62 by decree

(#12-92 from December 26,1992, VRN 1993, #10, p76)

(The words “Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic,” “Ukrainian SSR,” in compliance with the Law # 3795-12 from December 23,1993 have been substituted by the words “Ukraine,” “Ukrainian” In the title and the text of the law herein)

Section I

General Provisions

Article 1. Law objectives.

The objectives of the present law are:

to guarantee the right and implementation of the right of freedom of conscience to the citizens of Ukraine.

to provide the social justice and equality, protection of rights and interests of the citizens irrespectively of their religious convictions as it is declared by the Constitution of Ukraine (888-09), the Declaration of the State Sovereignty (55-12) and the norms international law recognized in Ukraine,

define the responsibilities of the state to the religious organization

define the responsibilities of the religious organizations to the State and society

overcome the negative consequences of the state policy towards religion and the church

guarantee the conditions conducive for the development of the morals of the society and humanism, peacefulness of the citizenry and cooperation among people irrespectively of their worldview and faith.

Article 2. Legislation of Ukraine on the freedom of conscience and religious organizations.

All legal relations regarding the freedom of conscience and the activity of religious organizations shall be regulated by the legislation of Ukraine.

The legislation of Ukraine on the Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations consists of the present law and other legislative acts of Ukraine issued in compliance with this law.

Article 3. Right on the freedom of conscience.

Every citizen of Ukraine shall be guaranteed the freedom of conscience. This right shall comprise the freedom of a religious profession, acceptance and change of one’s religion and convictions according to a personal choice. A citizen of Ukraine is free to profess any religion either individually in a group of other individuals as well as to profess no religion at all, to execute religious rituals and to openly express and propagate religious or atheistic convictions.

No individual shall be granted with the right to establish the compulsory convictions and the worldview. No pressure shall be allowed in the process of personal determination of the personal attitude towards profession of a religion or refusal to profess a religion, participation or refraining from the participation in the religious services and ceremonies and studies. Parents and persons substituting them, shall be granted with the right to bring up their children according to their own convictions and attitude to religion provided there is a mutual agreement to do so.

Exercising the freedom of profession or religious convictions shall only be liable to restrictions which are called to protect public safety and order, life health and morals as well as the law established rights and freedoms of the other citizens complying with the international obligations of Ukraine.

Nobody shall be entitled with the right to demand the priests to reveal any information about the confessions made by the believers.

Article 4. Equality of rights of the citizens irrespectively of their religious convictions.

The citizens of Ukraine are all equal to the law and shall be entitled to enjoy equal rights in all areas of economic, political, social and cultural life irrespectively of their religious convictions. No indication of religious convictions shall be required in the official documents.

Any direct or indirect infringement on the citizens rights or establishment of the direct or indirect privileges on the basis of religious convictions as well as inflaming of the religious feud and assault of people’s feelings shall be liable to the law established responsibility.

Nobody shall be allowed to use their religious convictions as a basis to avoid the fulfillment of the constitutional responsibilities. Alteration of the constitutional duties, on the basis of convictions shall only be possible exclusively in the cases as foreseen by the legislation of Ukraine.

Article 5. Separation of the Church (Religious organizations) from the State.

The implementation of the state policy regarding the church shall be under the exclusively authority of Ukraine.

The church and religious organizations shall be separated from the state.

The State shall be protecting the rights and legal interests of the religious organizations: shall facilitate the relations based on mutual respect, religious and worldview tolerance among the believers and non-believers, representatives of different religions and religious organizations. The state shall consider and respect the traditions and internal rules of religious organizations provided that they do not contravene the current legislation.

The State shall not intrude into the activity of the religious organizations executed within the limits of the law and shall not provide any financial support to the organizations established on the basis of the religious distinction.

All religions denominations and religious organizations shall be equal to the law. Any privileges or restrictions for any religion, denomination or religious organization may not be established or imposed.

The religious organizations shall not perform any state functions.

The religious organizations shall exercise the right of participation in the social life and shall be granted the similar footing as social associations of the citizens for utilization of the means of mass media.

The religious organizations shall not take part in the activity of any political parties and may not provide any financial support to the political parties as well as shall not nominate any candidates to the state organs, propagate or finance the election campaign of the candidates to these organs. The clergy equally with the other citizens shall be entitled with the right to participate in the political life of the country.

A religious organization may neither interfere with the activity of the other religious organizations, nor apply any form of exhortation of hostility and intolerance towards non believers and believers of other confessions.

A religious organization shall be obliged to fulfill the requirements of the current legislation and law and order.

Article 6. Separation of school from the church (religious organizations).

The state educational system of Ukraine shall be of circular character as well as separated from the church (religious organizations). All citizens irrespectively of their religious convictions shall be provided the right and access to all levels of education.

Any imposition of restrictions on conducting and propaganda of the results, of the scientific research, including the financial research conducted by the state, based on conformity with any religion or atheism, may not be allowed

The citizens may acquire the knowledge of their religion or receive religious education individually or in a group in the language of their own choice.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right to establish the study groups as well as educational establishments, to conduct different forms of teaching in compliance with their statutes using their own facilities as well as the facilities provided at their disposal.

Teachers of different religious as well as the preachers shall be obliged to educate their groups in the spirit of tolerance and respect to non believers or the representatives of the other religions.

Section II

Religious organizations in Ukraine

Article 7. Religious organizations.

Religious organizations in Ukraine shall be established with the explicit purpose to satisfy the religious needs of the citizens to profess and propagate the faith. The religious organizations shall operate according to their hierarchy and institutional structure shall elect, appoint and introduce changes into the composition of their personnel in compliance with their own Statutes (Regulations).

Religious communities, departments and centers, monasteries and nunneries, brotherhoods, missionary societies (missions), spiritual educational establishments and associations which comprise the above mentioned organizations shall be defined as religious organizations in Ukraine. Religious associations shall be represented by their centers (departments)

The other organizations established according to the religious distinction shall not be effected by this Law.

Article 8. Religious community.

A religious community shall be defined as a local religious organization of believers of the same cult, denomination, trend, or doctrine who assembled with the purpose to satisfy their religious needs.

The State shall acknowledge the right of subordination as well as the freedom of alteration of the subordination of a religious community in the area of canonization and organization to any religious center (department) operating in Ukraine or outside of the Ukrainian borders

A religious community shall not be obliged to report to the state organs of he fact of establishment of the community.

Article 9. Religious departments and centers.

Religious departments and centers shall operate in compliance with their Statutes (Regulations) which shall be registered in the order established by article 14 of the law herein.

Religious organizations with their centers outside of Ukraine, may implement the instructions of their centers, provided that they do not contravene the Ukrainian Legislation.

Relations between the State and religious centers and departments, including those outside of Ukraine, which fell outside the regulations of the law shall be regulated in compliance with the bilateral agreement between the centers, departments and the State organs.

Article 10. Monasteries nunneries, brotherhoods, missions.

Religious departments and centers exercise the right, in compliance with their Statutes, to establish the monasteries, religious brotherhoods, missionary societies ( the missions), which shall be functioning according to their Statutes (regulations) and shall be registered in the order established by article 14 of the Law herein.

Monasteries, nunneries, and religious brotherhoods may also be established in the order provided by the law herein for the establishment of religious communities, which require the registration of their statutes (regulations).

Article 11. Spiritual educational establishments.

Religious departments and centers shall exercise the right, according to their registered Statutes (regulations), to establish the spiritual educational establishments for training of the ministers and representatives of any other religious specialties they need. The spiritual educational establishments function on the basis of their Statutes (Regulations), which shall be registered in the order established by article 14 of the law herein.

Citizens attending the secondary and higher spiritual educational establishments shall exercise the rights and privileges including: postponement of the term of military service, taxation privileges, inclusion of the time of study into the general work record in the order and conditions established for students of the state educational establishments.

Article 12. Statutes (Regulations) of the religious organizations.

Statute (Regulations) of a religious organization, which according to the Civil Code provides the definition of a legal capacity of an organization, shall be subject to registration in the order established by article 14 of the law herein.

A Statute (Regulations) of a religious organization shall be adopted at the general meeting of the citizens-believers or at the religious congresses or conferences.

A Statute of a religious organization shall include the following:

1) qualifications of the type of a religious organizations, confession, location.

2) the role of the organization within the limits of organizational structure of a religious association

3) property status of a religious organization

4) rights of a religious organization for establishment of enterprises, mass media sources, other religious organizations, and educational establishments;

5) the procedure of introduction of supplements and amendments into the Statute (Regulations) of a religious organization;

6) the procedure of a property dispute resolutions in the case of termination of activity of a religious organization;

A Statute (Regulations) may contain other information in conjunction with the activity of a religious organization.

A Statute (Regulations) of a religious organization may not contravene the current legislation.

Documents regulating the internal activities of the confession or internal issues of a religious organization shall not be subject to registration in the state organs.

Article 13. Religious organization as a legal entity.

A religious organization shall be considered a legal entity as of the moment of registration of the Status (Regulations) of a religious organization.

As a legal entity, religious organization shall be entitled with the rights and duties in compliance with the current legislation and the Statute (regulations).

Article 14. Registration of Statutes (Regulations) of religious organizations.

To be granted legal capacity of a legal entity a religious community shall be obliged to submit the application for the registration of the Statute (Regulations) by oblast, Kiev and Sevestopol city state administrations, by the government of the Republic of Crimea. It shall be required for the documents to be submitted by a group of citizens in the composition of no less than 10 people not younger of the age of 18. (Part 1 of article 14 contains the amendments introduced in compliance with the Law #3795-12 from December 23, 1993)

Religious centers, departments, monasteries, religious brotherhoods, missions and spiritual educational establishments shall submit the Statute (Regulations) to the State organ of Ukraine in charge of religions.

An organ performing the registration shall be considering the Status (Regulations) of a religious organization within a month term and following the passage of the decision shall in writing provide an applicant with the information regarding to the decision made.

If it deems necessary, an organ executing the registration of Statutes (Regulations) may request the opinion of the local state administration, executive committee of a village, settlement, city councils of peoples deputies and experts. In such a case the decision shall be passed within three month term.

(Part 4 of article 14 contains the amendments, introduced according to the Law # 3795-12 from December 23, 1993)

Exceeding the term of passage of the decision on registration of Statute (Regulations) of religious organizations as established by the law herein may be complained against in the order foreseen by the Civic and Procedural Code of Ukraine.

Amendments and supplements to the Statutes (Regulations) of religious organizations shall be subject to the registration in compliance with the order and terms as established for the registration of Statutes (Regulations).

If it deems necessary the representatives of a religious organization may with the right of an advisory vote participate in the consideration of the issues of registration of a religious organization.

Article 15. Refusal of registration of a Statute (Regulations) of a Religious organization.

The registration of a Statute (Regulations) may be refused in the event if the Statute (Regulations) and activity of a religious organization contravene the current legislation.

A decision on refusal of registration of the Statute (Regulations) of a religious organization as well as substantiation for refusal shall be presented to the applicant in a written form within a ten days term. The decision may be appealed against in the order as foreseen by the Civic and Procedural legislation of Ukraine.

Article 16. Suspension of the activity of a religious organization.

The activity of a religious organization may be suspended due to the reorganization (division, merging, joining) or liquidation.

Reorganization or liquidation of a religious organization shall be executed in compliance with the internal regulations of a religious organization. Registration of Statutes (Regulations) of a newly established religious organizations shall be performed in the order established by article 14 of the law herein.

The activity of a religious organization may be suspended by the decision of the court in the case of violation by a religious organization with a status of a legal entity the provisions of the Law herein or other legislative acts of Ukraine.

The judicial order of suspension of the activity of a religious organization may applied in following cases exclusively:

1) in the case of performance of actions inadmission of which is provided by articles 3,5, and 17 of this law;

2) in the event of the ritual and preaching activity may damage the health dignity and freedom of a human being;

3) in the event of systematic violations by a religious organization of the legislation established order of the public religious events (sermons, rituals, ceremonies, marches);

4) in the case of encouragement of the citizens on violation of their constitutional duties, or performance of the actions accompanied by the flagrant violations of public order or infringement on the rights and property of social and religious organizations.

(Article 16 was supplemented with part 4 in compliance with the Law #3795-12 from December 23, 1993)

The court may consider the case of suspension of the activity of a religious organization under the action proceedings according to application of an organ authorized to register the Statute of a religious organization or by a procurator, as foreseen by the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine.

(Article 16 is supplemented with part 5 in compliance with the Law # 3795-12 from December 23,1993)

Section III

Article 17. Utilization of the property of State, Social and Private ownership.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right to utilize building and properties, placed at their disposal on contractual basis by the State and Social organizations and private individuals.

The religious buildings and property of State ownership are either handed over into the free utilization by the organizations balancing them or shall, according to the decisions of oblast, Kiev and Sevastopol city state administrations, and in the Republic of Crimea -by the decision of the government of the republic of Crimea, be returned free of charge into the ownership of the religious organizations.

(Part 2 of article 17 is supplemented by the amendments introduced in compliance with the Law # 3795-12 from December 23,1993)

Religious buildings and other property of historical and artistic value shall be handed over to the religious organizations into the utilization adhering to the rules of protection and utilization of historical and cultural monuments.

Petitions on transfer the religious buildings and property into the ownership or free utilization by the religious organizations shall be considered within a month term. An applicant shall be provided with the written information on the results of the consideration of the petition.

Religious organization shall be entitled with the beneficial right on being handed over the religious buildings with a plot of land required for building management.

Utilization of land by religious organization shall be executed in the order established by the Land Code and other legislative acts of Ukraine. (Part 7, of article 17 contains the amendments introduced in compliance with the Law # 3180-12 from May 5, 1993)

The contracts on allotment of religious organizations with religious buildings and other properties may only be terminated or suspended on the grounds and in compliance with the order as foreseen by the civil legislation of Ukraine.

Unwarranted seizure of religious buildings or appropriation of cult property is not allowed.

Decisions of the state organs on the issues of ownership or utilization of cult building and property may be appealed against in the court in compliance with the order as foreseen by the Civil and Procedural code of Ukraine. (Part 10 in the version of Law #2295-13 from April 23,1993)

Article 18. Ownership of religious organization.

Religious organizations may posses, utilize and command of the property of their ownership in compliance with the right of ownership.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right of ownership of the buildings, cult objects, objects of manufacturing, social and charitable utilization, transport vehicles, finances and other property required to facilitate their activity.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right of ownership on the property acquired or created at the expense of their own funds, donations of private individuals and organizations or the funds handed over by the state as well as acquired by other legal means as foreseen by the law.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right to posses the property outside of the borders of Ukraine.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right to request for financial or other donations and receive these donations.

( Part 6 of article 18 lost effect in the section which deals with exemption from customs and excise duties and VAT on the excised goods imported on the basis of the Law # 498/95 VR from December 22, 1995)

(Part 6 of article 18 lost effect in the section of exemption from payment of export fee, customs and excise duty and VAT on the goods which are brought into or sent to the customs territory of Ukraine on the basis of the Law #608/96 from December 17, 1996) Neither financial nor other kind of donations as well as the other receipts of religious organizations shall be liable for taxation.

Religious organizations may not practice the mandatory rating of believers.

The ownership right of religious organizations is protected by the Law.

Article 19. Manufacturing and economic activity of religious organizations.

To fulfill their statute obligations, religious organizations shall be entitled with the right to create in the law established order the publishing, polygraph, manufacturing, agricultural and other enterprises and charitable institutions (asylums, hospitals, boarding schools etc.), which shall be granted with the right of a legal entity.

Profit from the manufacturing activity and other profit of enterprises of religious organizations shall be liable to taxation in compliance with the current legislation according to the order and amounts established for enterprises in the ownership of civic organizations. The amounts of profit used for charity shall be exempted from taxation. (The effect of part 2 of Article 19 is terminated in the section dealing with exemption from taxation according to Decree #13-92 from December 26,1992)

Construction of religious and other buildings by the religious organizations shall be executed in the order established by the legislation for the objects of civic purposes.

Restoration or repair of religious buildings falling into a category of historical and cultural monuments shall be executed adhering to the established rules of preservation and utilization of historical and cultural monuments.

Article 20. Utilization of the property of religious organizations with suspended activity.

In the case of suspension of the activity of a religious organization the property ownership issues shall be resolved in compliance with the Statute (Regulations) of an organization and current legislation.

Following the suspension of the activity of religious organizations the property which was provided for their utilization by the state, civic organizations and private individuals shall be returned to the former owner.

The property of solely religious purposes belonging to religious organizations may not be withdrawn upon the claims of the creditors.

In the case of absence of legal successors for the property of a religious organization of suspended activity, the property shall be devalued to the state.

In the case of termination of the activity of a religious organization due to the violation of the law herein as well as other legislative acts of Ukraine, the property in the ownership of this organization, except for the cult objects, may devalue to the State for free. Objects of cult shall be handed over to other religious organizations.

Section V.

Rights of the citizens pertaining to the freedom of profession of faith.

Article 21. Religious rituals and ceremonies.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right to establish and provide the maintenance of the special places of sermons, worship, religious meetings and other sites sacred for a certain religion (pilgrimage sites)

Religious services, rituals, ceremonies and processions shall be freely conducted in the religious buildings and the areas adjacent the buildings, in the pilgrimage sites, in the departments of religious organizations, cemeteries, special burial places and crematoriums, in the apartments and houses of private individuals and in the establishments, organizations, enterprises upon the initiative of the group of employees provided the consent of the administration is granted.

Upon the request of the citizen or by the initiative of religious organizations the religious services and rituals may be conducted in hospitals, homes for elderly, places of preliminary imprisonment and prisons. Administration of the above mentioned establishments shall promote the conducting of the religious events by defining the time and other conditions for these services, ceremonies, rituals.

In the other cases the public religious services, rituals and ceremonies and processions shall be conducted upon the permission of a corresponding local state administration, executive committee of a village, settlement, city council of peoples deputies. Except for cases of urgency, applications for issuance of the above mentioned permissions is submitted no later than ten days prior to the time settled for conducting the religious service, ritual, ceremony or procession.

(Part 5 of Article 21 contains amendments introduced in compliance with Law #3795-12 from December 23, 1993)

Article 22. Religious literature and objects used for religious purposes.

Citizens and religious organizations shall be vested with the right for acquisition, possession and utilization of different objects and materials and religious literature in the language of their choice.

Religious organizations shall be entitled with the right to manufacture, export, import and disseminate objects for religious purposes, religious literature and other information materials of religious content.

Religious organizations exercise an exclusive right of establishment of the enterprises for publishing of religious literature and manufacturing the objects of religious purposes.

Article 23. Charitable, educational and cultural activity of religious organizations.

Different societies, brotherhoods, associations and other types of groups may be established under religious organizations in order to carry out the charitable, educational and cultural activity and dissemination of religious literature. These groups may establish their own statutes registered, in the order established for the citizens associations.

Religious organizations exercise the right to independently and through the citizens fund carry out charitable activity. The amounts spent on this purpose shall be exempted from taxation.

Article 24. International relations and contacts of religious organizations and believers.

Religious organizations and believers may individually or in groups establish and sustain the international connections and direct personal contacts, such as trips abroad to participate in pilgrimage, religious meetings or other religious events.

The participants of such religious events may in the law established order purchase, receive and take abroad the materials of religious content.

The religious organizations may send the citizens abroad to attend the religious educational establishments and to receive the foreign citizens pursuing the same purpose in Ukraine.

The ministers, preaches, counselors and other representatives of foreign organizations such as foreign citizens who temporary stay in Ukraine may preach and conduct religious teaching, religious rituals or other canonic activity solely in the religious organizations which invited them, provided there is consent of the State organ which performed the registration of the Statute (Regulations) of a corresponding religious organization.

( Article 24 was supplemented by part 4 in compliance with Law #3795-12 from December 23,1993).

Section V

Labor activity of religious organizations and at the enterprises of religious organizations.

Religious organization is entitled with the right to employ the citizens.

Labor conditions at the religious organizations shall be established by the agreement between the religious organization and employee and shall be determined by the labor contract drawn up in writing.

A religious organization is obliged to register the labor contract in the established order.

The same order shall be applicable for registration of the documents which determine the labor conditions of the clerks, and church servants and the persons working in a religious organization on electron basis.

Citizens employed by a religious organizations according to the employment contract may enjoy the trade-union membership.

Article 26. Labor rights of the citizens employed by the religious organizations.

Citizens employed by the religious organizations on the basis of the employment contract as well as the employees of the state and civic enterprises, establishments and shall comply with the general labor legislation.

Taxation of the income received by the citizens, priests, other types of clergy and the persons working in the religious organizations on electron basis shall be executed according to the taxation rate established for employees of state enterprises, establishments and organizations.

( Article 26 contains changes introduced in compliance with the Law # 3795 from December 26, 1993)

Article 27. Labor legal relations of the citizens at the enterprises and establishments of the religious organizations.

Citizens working at the institutions and charitable organizations established by the religious organizations shall be required to comply with the legislation of labor, taxation, social welfare and social insurance of the employees of the state and civic enterprises, establishments and organizations.

(Article 27 contains changes, introduced in compliance with the Law #3795 from December 26, 1993)

Article 28. Social welfare and social insurance of the citizens employed by the religious organizations.

Citizens employed by the religious organizations such as priests and the persons working in the religious organizations on election basis shall be liable to the similar social welfare and insurance privileges as established for the employees of the state and civic enterprises, establishments and organizations.

To ensure the social insurance and welfare of the religious organizations as well as their enterprises and establishments shall deposit the deductions in the amount and procedure established for civic organizations, establishments and enterprises.

The state pension for the citizens working in the religious organizations shall be appointed and paid out on the general basis in compliance with the effective legislation.

( Article 28. contains changes, introduced in compliance with the Law #3795 from December 26, 1993)

Section VI

State Bodies and Religious Organization

Article 29. State oversight on observance of the legislation on the freedom of conscience and religious organizations.

The state oversight of observance of the legislation on freedom of conscience and religious organizations shall be executed by the Local Council of peoples deputies and their executive bodies.

Article 30. A state organ on religious affairs.

A state organ on religious affairs is called to provide the state policy in the religious and church affairs. To achieve the aforementioned goal the state organ on religious affairs shall:

on the request of the religious organizations facilitate the agreement reaching process with the State Bodies as well as provide the necessary assistance to finalize the issues requiring the resolution of those bodies;

promote the atmosphere of mutual understanding and tolerance among the religious organizations of different confessions;

perform the registration of the statutes (Regulations) of religious organizations including the amendments and supplements as indicated in the second part of the article 14 of the law herein;

provide the consultation assistance to the state bodies in the area of implementation of the legislation on freedom of conscience and religious organizations; ( Paragraph five of the first part of article 30 contains changes introduced in compliance with the Law # 3795 from December 26, 1993)

maintain the contacts and coordination connections with the similar bodies in the foreign states;

promote the participation of the religious organizations in the international religious movements, forums, and business contacts with the international religious centers and foreign religious organizations;

provide the religious examination engaging the representatives of the religious organizations and experts.

The State Organ on Religious Affairs shall be formed by the cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

(Part three of article 30 lost its effect in compliance with the Law #2140 from February 19, 1992).

The Head of the State Organ on Religious Affairs shall be appointed by the Verkhovna rada of Ukraine, and the chairs of the corresponding local bodies shall be appointed by oblast, Kiev City Council, and by the Verkhovna Rada of the Crimean Autonomous Republic.

Article 31. Sanctions for violations of the legislation on the freedom of conscience and religious organizations

The officials and citizens found guilty in the violations of the legislation on the freedom of conscience and religious organizations shall be liable to the sanctions as established by the legislation of Ukraine.

Article 32. International Agreements

The regulations of international agreements shall be implemented in the event when the International Agreements with the participation of Ukraine shall contain the rules different from the norms of the Ukrainian legislation on freedom of conscience and religious organizations.

The Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada Of Ukraine

Kyiv, April 23, 1991

#987-XII

Leonyd Kravchyk.